Trick to remember Viceory from 1905-1947

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Important Facts of Indian History

●History of Medieval India●

● Made in the times of Bhoj, an idol of ‘Vakdevi’ is at present preserved in the British Museum.
● The Jain temples of Dilwara were constructed during the period of Parmars.
● In Udaipur Prashasti, Munj is entitled ‘Kavi Vrish’ due to his literary attainments.
● Qutubuddin was purchased as a slave in his childhood by Qazi Fakruddin Abdul Aziz Koofi.
● Qutubuddin did not issue coins or got ‘Khutba’ read in his name after accession to Delhi throne.
● Qutubuddin Aibak was buried at Lahore after his death.
● Iltutmish established the Shamsi dynasty.
● Iltutmish organized the group of his 40 slaves which is famous in history as Turkan-i-Chahalgami.
● Yalduz and Nasiruddin Qubacha were prominent rivals of Iltutmish.
● Iltutmish organized the ‘Iqta army’.
● Iltutmish issued the coins—‘Taka’ of silver and ‘Jeetal’ of copper.
● Iltutmish was the first Sultan who issued pure Arabic coins.
● On 18th February, 1229, the representatives of the Caliph of Baghdad came to Delhi and they gave the Investiture of the Caliph to Iltutmish. The Caliph thus accepted him as the Sultan of Delhi. Now Delhi became a free state legitimately.
● According to Barni, Balban organized his Court on the Iranian pattern.
● Balban started the system of ‘Sijda’ and ‘Paibos’ during his reign.
● Balban’s theory of kingship was based upon—Power, Prestige and Justice. His main objective was to maintain his control upon the administrative officials.
● The Mongol leader Changez Khan was known as the ‘Curse of God’.
● The coronation of Jalaluddin Feroz Shah was done in 1290 at the Kilokhari Apurna Palace built by Kaikubad.
● At the time of his accession on the Delhi Sultanate, Alauddin Khalji assumed the title of Abul Mujaffar Sultan Alauddinia and Deen Mohammad Shah Khalji.
● Jalaluddin Feroz Shah Khalji granted to Alauddin Khalji, the post of Amir-i-Tujuk.
● During Alauddin’s time approximately 75 to 80 per cent of the peasant’s produce was charged as tax.
● The main tasks of Diwan-i-Ariz were to recruit the soldiers, to disburse the salary, to well equip the army, to make arrangements for inspection and to proceed with the Commander-in-Chief in times of war.
● The main tasks of the Diwan-i-Insha was to draft royal orders and letters and to maintain the govt. records. He also conducted correspondence with the local officers.
● Alauddin Khalji introduced market reforms and fixed the prices of various items and goods.
● Munhiyan or detectives were appointed to keep a watch over the market and report the Sultan of the same.
● Barid-i-Mandi was an employee who informed the Sultan of the quality of the material sold in the market.
● ‘Khams’ was the war booty. The 4/5 of the loot was submitted to the royal treasury. Only 1/5 was distributed among the soldiers.
● Alauddin Khalji established a new department Diwan-i-Mustakharaj in order to check the corruption of Revenue department and to maintain control on the concerned officers.
● Qutubuddin Mubarak Shah rejected the rigid rules of Alauddin Khalji and pursued the policy of forgive and forget.
● Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq Ghazi was a Qaruna turk.
● Mohammad Tughlaq has been called, an unfortunate idealist
● Due to shortage of money in the treasury and to meet the expenses of Imperialist policy, Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq issued token currency.
● Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq planned invasion of Khurasan and Iraq but did not carry it out.
● Diwan-i-Kohi was the name of agriculture department organized by Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq.
● Elphinston was the first historian who believed that there was some signs of madness in Mohammad Tughlaq.
● Feroz Shah abolished 24 taxes disliked by people.
● Feroz Shah Tughlaq following dictum of Quran. levied only 4 taxes named Kharaj, Khums, Zazia and Zakat.
● Feroz Shah brought the two Asokan pillars from Khijrabad and Meerut to Delhi.
● During the period of Feroz Shah Tughlaq, the two books Fatwa-i-Jahandari and Tarikh-i-Feroz Shahi were written by Barni.
● Feroz Shah Tughlaq wrote his autobiography entitled Futuhat-i-Firoz Shahi.
● Feroz Shah Tughlaq established a new department of charity at Delhi known as Diwan-i-Khairat.
● Feroz Shah’s book ‘Dalayat-i-Feroz Shahi’ was a work translated into Persian.
● Taimur invaded India in 1398.
● Sikandar Lodhi was the greatest of the Lodhi kings.
● In the Sultanate period, the Wazir was the Prime Minister of the Sultan.
● The department of the Wazir was known as the Diwan-i-Wizarat.
● In the Sultanate period, the Mushrif-i-Mumaliq maintained the account of the income and expenditure of the provinces.
● In the Sultanate period, the Chief Auditor of Accounts was called Mustafa-i-Mamaliq. His main work was to inspect the accounts prepared by Mushraf-i-Mamaliq.
● The Chief of military department was called, Ariz-i-Mamaliq who was not the Commander-in-Chief of the army.
● Dabir-i-Khas was the chairman of the correspondence department.
● Department of Diwan-i-Insha worked under Dabir-i-Khas who issued the royal Firmans (orders).
● The Treasurer was called Khajij and the Chief Justice was called Qazi-i-Mamaliq.
● The Chief of the Construction department was called Mir-i-Imarat.
● The Public Hall of the Sultan was called Durbar-i-Azam.
● The Sultan divided the empire into Iqtas orprovinces.
● Iqta was divided into samll shiks or districts.
● Jakat was the tax which covered the taxes of ‘Sadpa’ and ‘Tith’.
● Qutubuddin Aibak had built the mosque known as Quwwattul-Islam near the Delhi Fort of Rai Pithora.
● The famous mosque at Ajmer known as Dhai Din Ka Jhopra was constructed by Qutubuddin Aibak.
● Dhai Din Ka Jhopra was earlier a Sanskrit school which was built by Vigrahraj Bisaldeo.
● Alai Darwaza which is considered to be the most precious jewel of Islamic architecture was built by Alauddin Khalji.
● The new city of Siri and the Hazaar Situn palace in this city were built by Alauddin Khalji.
● In the period of Sikander Lodhi, his Wazir built the Moth mosque.
● The mosque of Attala is one of the best buildings of Sharqi style.
● The Jhajhanri mosque at Jaunpur was built by Ibrahim Sharqi in about 1430.
● The most important mosque at Jaunpur known as Jami mosque was built by Hussain Shah Sharqi.
● The mosque of Lal Darwaza at Jaunpur, was built in the middle of the 15th century.
● The Vijay Nagar kingdom was divided into 6 provinces. The chief of the province was known as Prantpati or Nayak.
● The province was divided into Nadu or districts.
● The provincial rulers were allowed to issue their coins.
● In the Vijay Nagar empire Brahmans were the most respected. The criminal Brahman was exempled from capital punishment.
● Women enjoyed honourable status. Many of them learnt the art of warfare. They were appointed as bodyguards.
● Krishnadeo Ray is designated as the Andhra Pitamah.
● Gold coins were used and they were called ‘Barah’.
● Mixed metal coins were called Partab.
● Kabir who adopted the Gyanashrayi branch of the Nirgun sect, was the disciple of Ramanand.
● Namdeo was born in a small village of Satara district in 1220.
● Sabad refer to the composition related to Yog Sadhana.
● Guru Nanak was born in a small village Talwandi near Lahor.
● To reform a society ridden with ritualism and superstitious, he preached the Nirguna sect.
● The fifth Sikh Guru Arjundeo systematized the composition of Guru Nanak in ‘Guru Granth Sahib’.
● Malik Mohammad Jayasi earned great name and fame for his work Padmavat.
● The first invasion of Babar on India was conducted in 1519. During this invasion, he conquered Bajaur and Bhera. He went back from here. When he left these two places were lost to the Moghuls.
● Babar again invaded India in 1526, for the fifth time and he did not go back this time. He founded the Moghul empire in India.
● He defeated Ibrahim Lodhi by adopting his trusted war tactics of Tulughma.
● Babar used Artillery for the first time in the battle of Panipat.
● Babar defeated Rana Sanga of Mewar in the battle of Khanva in 1527. He scored a victory over Afghans in battle of ‘Ghaghara’ in 1529.
● Babar declared the Chanderi war as Jehad and he constructed a minarate of the heads of the dead Rajputs.
● Babar wrote his autobiography Tujuk-i-Babri in Turkish language.
● Mirza Haider Speaks about numerous qualities of Babar in his book—Tarikh-i-Rashidi.
● Babar’s daughter Gulbadan Begum enumerated the qualities of Babar in her book, Humayun Nama.
● Babar in his reign abolished the tax Tamagha.
● Babar wrote Risala-i-Validiya in Turkish poetry which was orginally the work of Khwaja Obei-dullah.
● Babar learnt the use of artillery from Ustad Ali and Mustafa—his two Turkish officers.
● The name of Humayun’s mother was Maham Sultana.
● In 1544 Humayun took shelter with Shah Tahmasp, the ruler of Iran.
● In July 1555, Humayun again occupied the throne of Delhi.
● Humayun died on 27 January, 1556 as a result of a sudden fall from the stairs of the Din-Panah Library.
● Shershah was a great conqueror. He fought and won a grim battle against Maldeo of Marwar.
● Shershah introduced currency reform, extanded transport system by building, roads, most famous being present day G. T. Road and reformed revenue system by classifying agricultural land and introducing measurement of land.
● During the administration of Shershah, the Diwan-i-Vizarat looked after the tax system and economy and maintained the accounts of the income and expenditure of the State.
● The duty of Diwan-i-Ariz was to recruit the army, supply the food and look after education.
● The duty of Diwan-i-Rasalat was to conduct correspondence with other States and to maintain contact with them.
● The duty of the Diwan-i-Insha was to write emperor’s orders and records of accounts.
● The credit to solve the early difficulties of Akbar and to safeguard the Mughal empire goes to Bairam Khan.
● From 1556 to 1560 the reins of Mughal administration remained in the hands to Bairam Khan.
● At Tilwara, a war was fought between Bairam Khan and the army of Akbar. Bairam Khan was defeated.
● In early days of his rule Akbar was under the influence of Harem particularly his foster another Maham Anga. This is why some historian call the early years of Akbar as ‘Purda-rule’ or Petticoat government.
● When Maham Anga died, the so-called short Petticoat government of Akbar’s time ended.
● In 1562 Akbar abolished the slavery system.
● Akbar was the first muslim ruler who got maximum success in Rajasthan.
● Akbar’s second attack on Gujarat is considered to be not only the fastest invasion of Akbar’s time but the fastest in the history of the world of that age.
● In 1595 during Akbar’s time. Muzaffar Hussain was the Persian Governor of Qandahar.
● Akbar’s mother Hamida Bano Begum was a religious lady of a Sufi Shia family.
● Raja Birbal died fighting on the royal side in the Afghan-Baluchi rebellion during Akbar’s time.
● In 1571 was built an Ibadatkhana at Fatehpur Sikri where every Thrusday, religious deliberation were held.
● Akbar was also impressed by Jainism. He invited the eminent Jain scholar Heer Vijay Suri from Tam Gachh in Gujarat to know about this religion.
● Impressed by Zorastrianism, the holy fire was kept burning in Akbar’s palace.
● Following the tradition of Hindu kings, Akbar started appearing for Darshan of his people from the Jharokha of his palace.
● In Akbar’s time, the Prime Minister was known Wazir or Vakil-i-Mutlaq.
● In Akbar’s time, the Finance Minister was called Wazir or Deewan.
● Mujaffar Khan was the first to be appointed as Wazir during Akbar’s time.
● The assistants of Deewan, known as Sahib-i-Taujeeh looked after the accounts of the Army.
● Another assistant of Deewan, Deewan-i-Bayutoot, looked after the Industries of different kinds.
● The officer who managed the royal treasury was known as Mushrif-i-Khazana.
● Meer Saman in Akbar’s time, managed the affairs of the royal palace, Haram and kitchen.
● In Akbar’s time, Amal Guzar was the officer who collected the revenue from the districts.
● Bitikchi prepared the data about the quality of land and its produce. On the same basis, the Amal Guzar fixed the revenue. Bitikchi was the second important officer in the Revenue department.
● Amil collected the revenue from the Pargana.
● In Akbar’s time, the clerk was called Karkun. His main task was to record the cultivable land in the Pargana and keep an account of the realized and unrealized revenue.
● Akabar introduced Mansabdari system with its ranks of Jat and Sawar based on decimal system.
● According to Blochman, Zat was the definite number of soldiers, the Mansabdars had to keep with them.
● According to Blochman the Sawar meant the definite number of cavalry.
● In Akbar’s time, there were four kinds of land—Polaj, Chacher, Parauti and Banjar.
● In Akbar’s time, Ibrahim Sarhindi translated the Sanskrit text of Atharva Ved in Persian.
● Mulla Shah Mohammad translated in Persian Raj Tarangini of Kalhan.
● Maulana Sherry translated Hari Vansh Puran in Persian.
● Abul Fazal translated Panch Tantra in Persian.
● Faizi translated the story of Nal Damayanti in Persian.
● The history of Islam was compiled in Tarikh-i-Alfi. It is a famous book.
● Akbar established a separate department of Painting, the chairman of this department was the famous painter Khwaja Abdus Samad.
● Abdussamad was an inhabitant of Persia who came to India from Shiraz. He was adorned with the title of Shirin Qalam for his attainments.
● Mohammad Hussain, the famous author of Akbar’s Court was adorned with the title of Zari Qalam.
● Akbar built the Fort of Allahabad.
● The first building of Akbar’s time was Humayun’s tomb at Delhi built under the guidance of his step mother Haji Begum.
● The main mason who built Humayun’s tomb belonged to Iran and his name was Mirza Meerak Ghyas.
● Akbar was born on Sunday. Hence Jahangir declared Sunday as a pious day.
● Nur Jahan was an educated lady. She was specially interested in music, painting and poetry. She composed poetry in Persian.
● The first Englishman to come to the Mughal Court was captain Hawkins.
● Abdur Rahim Khan-i-Khana was the guardian and tutor of Jahangir.
● The English ambassador Sir Thomas Roe came to India during Jahangir’s time.
● The Jahangir’s autobiography is Tujuk-i-Jahangiri.
● Shahjahan was born on 5 January, 1592 at Lahore. The name of his mother was Jagat Gosain.
● Two big rebellions broke out during Shahjahan’s time. One was the revolt of the ruler of Bundelkhand named Jujhar Singh and the other was the revolt in south under the leadership of Khan-i-Jahan Lodhi.
● The title of Malika-i-Zamani was conferred upon Arjumand Bano Begum.
● The first coronation of Aurangzeb was performed on 31 July, 1658 and the second coronation took place on 15 June, 1659.
● Aurangzeb passed an order and prohibited the repairs of the temples by the Hindus.
● Aurangzeb appointed Subedars and Muhatsibs to check the spread of education and Hinduism.
● Aurangzeb again levied Zazia upon Hindus.
● Under Aurangzeb, the Hindu traders paid 5% tax on goods while the Muslim traders were free from this tax.
● Aurangzeb issued orders to prohibit the celebration of Holi, Diwali and Basant etc. in the Mughal Court.
● Gokul and Raja Ram were the leaders of Jat revolt against Aurangzeb. After the death of Rajaram, his brother’s son named Churaman continued the revolt. The Jat rebellion went on till the death of Aurangzeb and the Jats succeeded in establishing a free Jat state of Bharatpur near Mathura.
● In 1681, Akbar, the son of Aurangzeb revolted against him.
● The 9th Guru of the Sikh order, Guru Tegh Bahadur openly protested against the religious policy of Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb called him to Delhi and asked him to accept Islam. When he refused, he was beheaded.
● Shivaji was the founder of Maratha State. He fought against the state of Deccan, as well as the mughal empire. He was a great administrator.
● Shivaji was succeeded by Sambhaji who was captured and put to death by Aurangzeb.
● Rajaram ruled only as the representative of Shahu—the son of Shambhaji who was imprisoned by Aurangzeb. Rajaram never occupied the Maratha throne.
● After the death of Raja Ram Maratha war of independence was carried on by his wife Tarabai.
● VascodeGama came to India as the representative of the ruler of Portugal. He met Zamorin of Calicut and obtained trade facilities.
● In 1492 Pope Alexander VI granted the Portuguese the monopoly to trade with the east.
● From 1505 to 1509, Almeda remained in India as the first Portuguese Governor.
● Albukirk was the successor of Almeda in India. His objective was to establish a Portuguese colony in India by intermarrying with Indians.
● After coming to India, the Dutch established their trade centres at Surat, Bharaunch, Cambay, Ahmedabad, Chinsura, Kasim Bazar, Patna, Balasore, Nagapattanam, Kochin, Masulipattanam and Agra.
● The main aim of the Dutch was to trade with the Islands of south-east Asia. India was just a passage for them. This is why the Dutch faced no rivalry with other European companies.
● In 1608, under the leadership of Captain Hawkins, the English fleet reached India.
● In 1717 the Mughal King Farrukh Siyar granted a Firman to the British giving them the trade rights.
● In 1692, the Nawab of Bengal issued an order to the French Company and they established a commercial Factory at Chandranagar.

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Career Launcher CSAT Test Series 2014

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Complete List Of 63 National Film Award

1.Best Film-Bahubali

2.Best Director-Sanjay Leela Bhansali for Bajirao Mastani

3.Best Actor-Amitabh Bacchan for Piku

4.Best Actrees-Kangna Ranaut for Tanu weds Mnu Returns

5.Best Supporting Actor: Samuthirakani for  Visaaranai

6. Best Supporting Actress: Tanvi Azmi, Bajirao Mastani

7.Best Hindi Film: Dum Laga Ke Haisha

8.Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film Of A Director: Neeraj Ghaywan, Masaan

9.Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment: Bajrangi Bhaijaan

10.Best Choreography: Remo D’Souza, Deewani Mastani song in Bajirao Mastani

11.Best Female Playback Singer: Monali Thakur, Moh Moh Ke Dhage

12.Best Cinematography: Sudeep Chaterjee, Bajirao Mastani

13.Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration: Nanak Shah Fakir

14.Best Screenplay Writer (Original): Juhi Chaturvedi (Piku) and Himanshu Sharma (Tanu Weds Manu Returns)

15.Best Screenplay – Dialogues: Juhi Chaturvedi (Piku) and Himanshu Sharma (Tanu Weds Manu Returns)

16.Best Malayalam Film: Pathemari, Artistically narrated saga of 2 generations of Malayali workers who migrated to gulf for livelihood

17.Best Film on Social Issue: Niranayakam

18.Best Music Direction: M Jayachandran for Song Kaathirunnu Kaathirunnu for the Ennu Ninte Moideen

19.Best Music Direction- Background Score: Ilaiyaraaja, Thaarai Thappattai

19.Best Film on Environment Conservation/Preservation: Valiya Chirakulla Pakshikal

20.Best Children’s Film: Duronto

21.Best Tamil Film: Visaaranai

22.Best Telugu Film: Kanche

23.Best Sanskrit Film: Priyamanasam Best Kannada Film: Thithi

24.Best Marathi Film: Ringan

25.Best Maithili Film: Mithila Makhaan

26.Best Punjabi Film: Chauthi Koot

27.Best Bengali Film: Sankhachil Best Konkani Film: Enemy

28.Best Assamese Film: Kothanodi .

29.Best Haryanvi Film: Satrangi

30.The Head Hunter bags Best Wancho Film

31.Best Khasi Film: Onaatah

32.Best Manipuri Film: Eibusu Yaohanbiyu

33.Best Mizo Film: Kima’s Lode Beyond the Class

34.Best Odiya Film: Pahada Ra Luha

35.Special Mention: Ritika Singh for the film Irudhi Suttru

36.Best Editing: Late Kishore T.E for Visaranai

37.Best Costume Designer and Best Make-up Artist for film Nanak Shah Fakir

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GK Questions with Answers for Upcoming Exam

1.What is the maximum limit of sound intensity in decibel units beyond which a human being cannot hear?
Ans-85 decibel

2.Who proposed the ‘Wave Theory’ of light?
Ans-Huygens

3.Why does a corked bottle filled with water break when frozen
Ans-volume of water increases on freezing

4. ________________ is a medication used to prevent and to treat malaria in areas where malaria is known to be sensitive to its effects
Ans-chloroquine

5.Wood is the primary raw material for the manufacture of:
Ans-Paper

6.Spondylitis is a disease that affects:
Ans-Spinal Column

7.What is the chemical name of laughing gas?
Ans-Nitrous Oxide

8.The filament of an electric bulb is made up of which material?
Ans-tungsten

9.Which is the birth place of Lord Buddha?
Ans-Lumbini

10.Babar laid the foundation of Mughal Empire in India by defeating _________ in 1526
Ans-Ibrahim Lodi

11.Which dynasty is known for its powerful Navy?.
Ans-Chola

12.When did Vasco da Gama come to India?
Ans-1498

13.The practice of Sati was declared illegal by:
Ans-Lord William Bentinck

14.General Dyer who was responsible for Jallianwala Bagh massacre was shot dead by:
Ans-Udham Singh

15."India for Indians" was the political message of which social reformer?
Ans-Dayanand Saraswati

16.On which part of the Solar system does the sun rises in the West AND set in the East
Ans-Venus

18.Which Indian State is the largest producer of Natural Rubber?
Ans-Kerala

19.In which Year was the Panchayati Raj started in India?
Ans-1959

20.Which Vitamin is essential for poor bone and teeth formation?
Ans-Vitamin D

21.In human being what is opening of the stomach into small Intestine called?
Ans-Pylorus

22.Sitar Sarangi and Tabla became famous from period of
Ans-The Delhi Sultanate

23.which zone is the largest in Indian Railways?
Ans-Eastern Railways

24.Indian Railways Nationalised in which Year?
Ans-1950

25.Fist Indian Train was started from -
Ans-Mumbai to Thane

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Trick To Remember National Parks of Rajasthan And Gujarat in 2 Minutes

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Basic GK Questions

1.When a gas is turned into a liquid, the process is called
Ans-Condensation

2.Which of the following parts of the sun is easily visible only during a total solar eclipse?
Ans-Corona

3.The fastest-running terrestrial animal is
Ans-Cheetah

4.In India, which one of the following States has the largest inland saline wetland?
Ans-Rajasthan

5 Which among the following has the world's largest reserves of Uranium?
Ans-Australia

6.The Country known as Sugar bowl of the World?
Ans-Cuba

7.Australia was discovered by
Ans-James cook

8.The earlier name of New york city was?
Ans-New Amsterdam

9.The country also known as country of copper?
Ans- Zambia

10.The longest river in the world is?
Ans-River Nile

11.The Biggest Delta in the world is?
Ans-Sunderbans

12.The country which is largest producer of Rubber And Tin in the World?
Ans-Malaysia

13.VAT was first introduced in which country?
Ans-France

14.Entomology is the science that studies
Ans-Insects

15.First China War was fought between-
Ans-China And Britain

16.Coral reefs in India can be found in
Ans-Rameshwaram

17.The great Victoria Desert is located in
Ans-Australia

18.The ratio of width of our National flag to its length is
Ans-2:3

19.The words 'Satyameva Jayate' inscribed below the base plate of the emblem of India are taken from
Ans-Mundak Upanishad

20.The National Anthem was first sung in the year
Ans-1911

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Important features of India and Australia Social Security Pact

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India signed a pact with Australia with an aim to avoid double social security contribution. A new social security agreement signed between India and Australia has come into operation in which the employees of India deputed to Australia and vice versa will not have to make double social security contribution. EPFO has been provided the authority to issue certificate of coverage to employees of Indian companies deputed in Australia. Employees of one country deputed by their employers to the other country on short-term assignment for a pre-determined period of up to 60 months need not remit social security contribution in that country.

Some important features of this India Australia PACT

1. Australia has become the 14th country with which India has a social security agreement in force.

2. EPFO in its order has stated that the agreement provides for detachment, totalisation and portability.

3. The others in the list include Korea, Finland, Sweden, Czech Republic, Hungry, Germany, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway and Switzerland.

4.  It is implemented by Employee Provident Fund Organisation and it will come into effect fromJanuary,2016.

5. The employers who have already deputed or intend to depute their employees to Australia can avail themselves of this facility.

Points to note about India Australia PACT 

• EPFO Chairman– Shri. Bandaru Dattatreya
• Australia Capital-Canberra
• Australian President-Malcolm Turnbull

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Understanding the concept of Compound Interest and Formula

Compound Interest and Formula

In compound interest, the interest for each period is added to the principle before interest is calculated for the next period. With this method the principle grows as the interest is added to it. This method is mostly used in investments such as savings account and bonds.

Understanding the concept of Compound Interest, Compound Interest formula for exams, shortcut formula of exams, Compound interest and shortcut methods, important tricks for compound interest/simple interest for bank/IBPS/SSC/Railway and other exams, compound interest problems.

1) A = P + CI	2) CI = A – P
3) A = P*(1 + r/100)t	4) CI = P*[(1 + r/100)t – 1]

   5) If a certain sum of money becomes n times in t years then
Time taken to be na times = a*t.

To understand compound interest clearly, let’s take an example.

1000 is borrowed for three years at 10% compound interest. What is the total amount after three years?

You can understand the process of compound interest by image shown below.

Year	Principle	Interest (10%)	Amount
1st	1000	100	1100
2nd	1100	110	1210
3rd	1210	121	1331

Difference between Simple Interest and compound interest
After three years,
In simple interest, the total amount would be 1300
And in compound interest, the total amount would be 1331.

Some Basic Formulas
If A = Amount
P = Principle
C.I. = Compound Interest
T = Time in years
R = Interest Rate Per Year


Shortcut Formulas

Rule 1: If rate of interest is R1% for first year, R2% for second year and R3% for third year, then

Rule 2:
If principle = P, Rate = R% and Time = T years then

1. If the interest is compounded annually:
   
2. If the interest is compounded half yearly (two times in year):
   
3. If the interest is compounded quarterly (four times in year):
   

Rule 3: If difference between Simple Interest and Compound Interest is given.

• If the difference between Simple Interest and Compound Interest on a certain sum of money for 2 years at R% rate is given then
  

• If the difference between Simple Interest and Compound Interest on a certain sum of money for 3 years at R% is given then
  

Rule 3: If sum A becomes B in T1 years at compound interest, then after T2 years

Look up Table

Find Compound Interest Tricks
In case of Compound Interest the interest is vary according to time but the first year it is equal that is 1st year Interest is

Compound Interest = Simple Interest.

But after that year it is increases. So we can find Compound interest using tricks. This type of problem are given in Quantitative Aptitude which is a very essential paper in banking exam.Under below  given some
more example for your better practice.

Here is principal is given rate percent and Time is given and find the Compound interest.

Example 1:
Principle is 15000 at rate percent 4% p.c.p.a for 2 years,and compound annually
Find the C.I.
Answer:
We apply the formula to obtain C.I that is C.I = p [(1 + r / 100)n – 1]
P = 15000.
R = 4%.
Time = 2 years.
= 15000 x [( 1 + 4 / 100)2 – 1].
= 15000 x [26×26/25×25 – 1]. [ as we put down (26 / 25)2]
= 15000 x 51 / 625 .
= 1224

Example 2:
The Simple Interest accrued on an amount of Rs.22,500 at the end of 3 years is Rs. 10800what would be the Compound Interest accrued on the same amount at the same rate at the end of two years ?

Answer :
Here is given amount = 22,500 , Time = Years 3 and S.I = 10800 so we need to find Rate percent.
Step 1: we know S.I = P x R x T / 100
10,800 = 22,500 x R x 3 / 100
R = 1080000 / 67500 = 16 % So R = 16 %.
Step 2: Compound Interest accrued on the same amount at the same rate at the end of two years
is we apply the formula
C.I = 22500 x (116 / 100 x 116 / 100 – 1 )
= 22500 x( 116 x 116/ 10000 – 1) = 22500 x( 13456 / 1000) – 1 = 22500 x (1.3456 – 1) = 22500 x 0.3456 =7776
So the C.I end of two years is 7776.

Example 3:
What will be the compound interest on a sum of Rs.4800/- at the rate of 6 p.c.p.a for 2 years ?

Answer:
Compound Interest = P[1+R/100]n-1
4800[( 1 + 6 / 100 )2 – 1]
4800 [53 x 53 / 50 x 50 – 1 ]
=593.28
So the compound interest is 593.28

Example 4:
What would be the compound interest obtained on an amount of Rs.1,600 at the rate of 8 p.c.p.a after two years ?

Answer:
Amount = SI + Principle
compound Interest = p ( 1 + r / 100)n – 1600
1600 ( 1 + 8 / 100 )2 – 1600
( 1600 x 27 x 27 / 25 x 25 ) – 1600
= ( 1866.24 – 1600 )
= 266.24

Example 5:
What would be the compound interest obtained on an amount of Rs. 6000 at the rate of 10% p.a . after 2 years ?

Answer :
6000[ (1 + 10 / 100) ]n-1
= 6000 [ (11 / 10 )2 – 1]
= 6000 x 21 / 100
= 1260
So the compound interest is 1260.

Example 6: 
What would be the compound interest obtained on an amount of Rs.8850 at the rate of 12 p.c.p.a after two years?

Answer :
Amount = 8850
rate = 12
Time = 2 years
compound interest = ?
A = 8850 ( 1 + 12 / 100 )2
= 8850 x 28 x 28 / 25 x 25
= 11101.44
So Amount = Rs.11101.44
C.I = ( 8850 – 11101.44 ) = 2251.44

Find The rate % based question

Now we try to put all types of shortcut tricks on rate % based. But it possible we miss any. We appreciate if you share that with us. Your help will help others.

When we borrowed money from some one or we lent out some money for a some certain period is called the Principle or Sum. So here we, Find the Rate % based questions are given in bank exams and Time will be given.
just using formula u get rate percent. This type of problem are given in Quantitative Aptitude which is a very essential paper in banking exam.Under below  given some more example for your better practice.
Example 1:
What is the rate of p.c.p.a ? If the simple interest accrued on amount of Rs.25500 at the end of 3 years is 9180.
Answer :
we know the formula is S.I = PRT / 100
So, S.I = 9180 , P = 25500 , T = 3 years , R = ?
9180 = 25500 x R x 3 / 100
R = 9180 / 765 =  12 %
So rate of p.c.p.a = 12 %

Example 2:
At what rate percent annul will a sum of money double in a 4 years.
Answer :
Let Principle is = P.Then S.I = P and Time = 4 years.
S.I. = ( PRT/100 ).
So, R = ( 100X P / P X T ) %.
R = 25%

Similarly we learn another example:

Example 3:
A sum of money is in double in 12 years At what rate percent per annul.
Answer :
Let Principle = P. Then S.I = P and T is given 12 years.
Rate = ( 100 X P / P X 12 ) = 8.33%
So R = 8.33 %

Example 4:
If the Simple interest accrued in 8 years on a principal of Rs.40,000/- is 8000 of the principal.What is the rate of simple interest p.c.p.a?
Answer :
SI = PRT / 100
Let the rate of simple interest is x
So
x = 100 x 8000 / 40000 x 8
x = 2.5
So the rate of simple interest is 2.5.

Population based Compound Interest 

A city has 10,000 residents. Its population grows at the rate of 10% per annum, what’ll be its total population after 5 years?

10% increase
=100% we have already + 10% new is added
=100%+10%
=110%
But if we talk in fraction form: 100% = 1 and 10%=1/10
Hence
10% increase
=1+1/10
=11/10

After first year

The new population after 1 year, will be 11/10 times the original =(11/10)*original ; we know that originally there are 10,000 resident. But no need to calculate that right now.
This is our new original:

After second year

The new population will be 11/10 times the original population at the end of first year
=11/10*[(11/10)*original]

After third year

The new population will be 11/10 times the original
=11/10 [11/10 [(11/10)*original]]

Continuing like
this, what we get after 5 years is

CASE: City’s
Population: Decline

A city has 10,000 residents. Its population declines at the rate of 10% per annum,
what’ll be its total population after 5 years?
Decline = decrease
=100%-10%
=1-(1/10)
=9/10

Population after 5 years

Answer. After 5 years, city’s population will be 5904.

PRACTICE

Example 1:
The compound interest on a certain sum at a certain rate of interest for the 2nd year is Rs. 2,200 and for the 3rd year is Rs. 2,420. Find the principal and rate of interest.

Example 2:Rs.25,000 is invested for 3 years at 12% compound interest p.a. What is the interest in the third year?

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