GK Trick

Static Awareness: An Insight Into The Indian States (JAMMU AND KASHMIR)

Jammu and Kashmir  is a state in northern India, often denoted by the acronym J&K. It is located mostly in the Himalayan mountains, and shares borders with the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south. Jammu and Kashmir has an international border with China in the north and east, and the Line of Control. The state has special autonomy under Article 370 of the Constitution of India. 




The State of Jammu & Kashmir is situated in extreme north of India. It was founded on 26 October, 1947.

J&K touches International boundaries with:
·         China in the north and east,
·         Afghanistan in the north-west
·         Pakistan in the west
It consists of three region:-




Summer Capital -> Shrinagar

Winter Capital -> Jammu

CM -> Mehbooba Mufti

Governor -> Narinder Nath Vohra

High Court-> Jammu and Kashmir High Court
                    [Srinagar Wing (Summer) and Jammu Wing (Winter)]


Chief Justice of High Court of J&K-> Sh. Justice N. Paul Vasanthakumar

Administrative Language -> Urdu

State day-> Accession day (26th Octuber)

Major Industries -> Handicrafts & Handlooms

Nicknames/Special titles of cities:

Jammu & Kashmir -> Heaven of India
City
Special Names
Srinagar
City of Rivers/lakes
Kashmir
Switzerland of India
Siachen
Highest and coldest battlefield in the world
Jammu
City of Temples

Folk Dance:


S. No.
Dance
1.
Rouf
2.
Bhand Panther
3.
Hafiza
4.
Bhand Jashan
5.
Bacha Nagmaa
6.
Dumhal




Speciality of J&K :

S. No.

Remarks
1.
Kashmiri Saffron
There are only two or three places in the whole world where saffron grows. Kashmir has the proud privilege of being one of these places.
2.
Kashmiri Pashmina Shawls
Pashmina is known for its softness.       
3.
Kashmiri carpets
Kashmiri carpets are world famous for two things - firstly, they are hand made and secondly, they are always knotted, never tufted.
4.
Silver Ware
one one of the ancient arts in Kashmir
5.
Silk
The weaves popularly known as 'chinon' and 'crepe de chine'
6.
Wood Work
Wood-carving is one of the most popular cottage industries of the Kashmir valley.


Important Tribes:

S. No.
Tribe’s name
Remarks
1.
Bakharwal
Known as “DHANGAR” in rest of India
2.
Gaddi

3.
Gurjar or Gujjar

4.
Sippi


Important Festivals:


S. No.
Festivals
1.
Baisakhi
2.
Lohri
3.
Eid-ul-Fitr
4.
Eid-ul-Azha
5.
Hemis




Important Rivers and Dams 

RIVER
DAM
Purpose
Chenab
Baglihar, Dulhasti , Salal
Hydroelectric
Indus
Nimoo Bazgo
Hydroelectric
Satluj


Masurdar(tributary
of Chenab)
PakalDul
Hydroelectric
Jhelum
Uri-II
Hydroelectric

Important Lakes 


S. No.
Lake
Remarks
Located in/near
1.
Dal Lake
“Jewel in the crown of Kashmir”
Srinagar
2.
Gadsar Lake
“Lake of flowers”
Sonamarg
3.
Krishnasar Lake

Sonamarg
4.
Gangabal Lake
“Haramukh Ganga”
Sonamarg
5.
Nagin Lake
“Jewel In The Ring”
Srinagar
6.
Wular Lake
“Largest fresh water lake in Asia”
Srinagar               
7.
Manasbal Lake
“Bird’s Paradise”
Srinagar               
8.
Pangong Lake
Share international boundary with China
Leh
9.
Tso Kar Lake
“White or Salty lake”
Ladakh
10.
Sheshnag Lake

Pahalgam


Important National Parks, Bird and Wildlife Sanctuary:


National Park
Famous species
Place/near
Dachigam National Park
Hangul(Kashmiri Stag)
Srinagar
Salim Ali National Park

Srinagar
Kazinag National Park
Markhor(Capra falconeri)
Srinagar
Kishtwar High Altitude National Park
Himalayan Snow Cock and brown bear

City Forest National Park (CFO)
known as “Salim National Park”
Srinagar
Hemis National Park
it is believed to have the highest density of snow leopards of any protected area in the world
Ladakh
Glulmarg WLS
Musk Deer
Srinagar
Limber WLS

Baramulla
Nandini WLS

Jammu


Important Mountains:

Mountains
Heights
Remarks
Place/near
Karakoram & Kyunlun ranges (k2)
8615 M
Second highest peak of the world.
these mountains lie to the north and north-east of the State
Nanga Parbat Range
8107 M
It is also known as “NAKED MOUNTAIN” or “DEO MIR” or “KILLER MOUNTAIN”
Gilgit
Soyamji (volcanic mountain)
1860M

North Machhipura (Handwara)
Pir Panjal Range (part of greater Himalyan)
1400-4100M

J & K and Himachal Pradesh
Amarnath (part of Himalyan)
5372 M
It is Called SHESHANG as its peak resemble the heads of seven big snakes.
Gander district of Kashmir
Harmukh (part of Himalyan)
5142 M
It is the abode of LORD SHIVA.
Ganderbal District of Jammu and Kashmir
Shiwalik Range
1500 M
Shiwalik means “TREES OF SHIVA” and known as “MANAK PARBAT” in ancient time.
from the Indus and ends close to the Brahmaputra

Important Temples/Archaeological Monuments/Sites:



S. No.
Temples/Archaeological Monuments/Sites
Remarks
1.
Amarnath Temple

2.
Vaishno Devi Mandir
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released coins with Maa Vaishno Devi’s image on the Head side of the coins.
3.
Bahu Fort

4.
Raghunath Temple
temple are covered with gold sheet on three sides while the interiors of the temple are plated with gold
5.
Peer kho cave temple
it is widely believed that Ramayan character Jamvant (the bear God) meditated in this cave.
6.
Panchbakhtar Temple
It is one of the oldest Shivalya in the city and the Lingam in this temple is self manifested (Aap Shambu).
7.
Mahamaya Temple

8.
Shankaracharya Temple
known as Takht-I-Sulaiman
9.
Hari Parbat Fort & Temple of Sharika Devi

10.
Kheer Bhawani

11.
Jama Masjid
Originally built by Sultan Sikandar in 1400 AD
12.
Hazratbal Mosque
only domed mosque in Srinagar
13.
Khanqah of Shah Hamadan
first mosque ever built in 1395Srinagar
14.
Chhatti Padshahi Gurudwara

15.
Shalimar Bagh
Mughal Garden
16.
Chashme Shahi
one of the Mughal gardens built in 1632 ADNubra Valley, north east of Ladakh valley
17.
Thikse Monastery
Leh in Ladakh
18.
Shanti Stupa
Buddhist white-domed stupa on a hilltop in Chanspa, Leh district
19.
Magnetic Hill
Leh
20.
Leh Palace
built by King Sengge Namgyal in the 17th century
21.
St. Joseph's Catholic Church
It was established in 1891, by Mill Hill Missionaries, making it the oldest Catholic church in Jammu and Kashmir
22.
Martand Temple
 dedicated to Lord Surya , the “Sun God”
23.
Amar Mahal Palace
built in the nineteenth century for Raja Amar Singh, a Dogra king

Important stadiums:


S. No.
Stadium
City
1.
Sher-i-Kashmir
Srinagar
2.
Bakshi
Srinagar
3.
Maulana Azad
Jammu

Major Airports:

S. No.
Name
City
1.
Sheikh Ul Alam International airport (Srinagar airport)
Srinagar
2.
Jammu airport
Jammu
3.
Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport
Leh
4.
Kargil airport

5.
Poonch airport
Jammu
6.
Kushok Bakula Rimpochhe Airport
Leh


Constituency of Cabinet Minister:

S. No.
Name of Minister
Constituency
Ministry (MoS)
1.
Dr. Jitendra Singh

Udhampur
Development of North Eastern Region (Independent Charge)
Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions
Department of Atomic Energy
Department of Space


HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS

1. Mohra Hydro-Electric Power Stations-
Srinagar, Sopore, Baramulla and Gulmarg towns are supplied electric power from this power station.

2. The Sind Valley Hydro-Electric Project-This project established in 1955, is near Ganderbal on the
bank of the Nullah Sind towards its east. The project is a multipurpose one. Its water is used for a
variety of purposes, like irrigation, generation of electricity, flood control, navigation, fish culture and soil preservation.

3. The Pahalgam Hydro-Electric Project-
The river Liddar is an important tributary of the Jhelum. It has been harnessed for water power at Pahalgam and  helps in lighting tourists huts and running cottage industries.

4. Lower Jhelum Hydel Project (Sheri)-
 This project for generating electricity has only one stage which generates 105 megawatts of electric power.



ARTICLE 370:

Article 370 embodied six special provisions for Jammu and Kashmir:
It exempted the State from the complete applicability of the Constitution of India. The State was allowed to have its own Constitution.
Central legislative powers over the State were restricted to the three subjects of defence, foreign affairs and communications.
Other constitutional provisions of the Central Government could be extended to the State only with the concurrence of the State Government.
The `concurrence' was only provisional. It had to be ratified by the State's Constituent Assembly.
The Government's authority to give `concurrence' lasted only until the State Constituent Assembly was convened. Once the State Constituent Assembly finalized the scheme of powers and dispersed, no further extension of powers was possible.
The Article 370 could be abrogated or amended only upon recommendation of the State's Constituent Assembly.
5 Banking and SSC : Static Awareness: An Insight Into The Indian States (JAMMU AND KASHMIR) Jammu and Kashmir   is a state in northern India, often denoted by the acronym J&K. It is located mostly in the Himalayan mountains, ...

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